What refers to the ability to make appropriate decisions based on logic?

The ability to make appropriate decisions based on logic is best defined by judgment. Judgment encompasses the evaluation of information, weighing options, and making informed decisions based on logical reasoning and situational context. It involves assessing potential outcomes, recognizing patterns, and employing critical thinking to determine the best course of action in a given scenario.

In contrast, flexibility refers to the ability to adapt to change and alter one's approach when faced with new information or circumstances, while self-discipline relates more to the ability to control one's impulses and adhere to commitments or rules. Problem-solving, while important, specifically pertains to the process of finding solutions to specific issues rather than the broader capacity to make logical decisions. Thus, judgment is the most fitting term for the concept of making logical decisions.